The following code can often be found in UNiagaraDataInterfaceChaosDestruction.
const int32 ParticleID = ParticleIDParam.GetAndAdvance() - LastSpawnedPointID + 1;
The LastSpawnedPointID is usually set to -1, so the iteration range is over a range of 2 to GetNumInstances()+2 and references an outside the range.
The following code can fix the issue :
const int32 ParticleID = ParticleIDParam.GetAndAdvance() +LastSpawnedPointID + 1;
There's no existing public thread on this issue, so head over to Questions & Answers just mention UE-231785 in the post.