It seems as though TextRenderComponents are not intended to exist on dedicated servers. In BaseEngine.ini, they are explicitly excluded: "+ClassesExcludedOnDedicatedServer=TextRenderComponent"
This does not seem to apply to dedicated servers created through the editor however, such as when launching a project with the "-server" command line option or when playing in editor using the "Play as Client" Play Net Mode (regardless of how "Run Under One Process" is set).
Try to access a TextRenderComponent on both a packaged dedicated server and on a dedicated server launched through the editor.
Expected: the component will not exist on both
Actual: the component will exist on the editor's server but not on the packaged one
There's no existing public thread on this issue, so head over to Questions & Answers just mention UE-120880 in the post.