Setting CLion as the default IDE causes Unreal to not recognize it as a compiler. You are unable to compile C++ projects or create new ones with it set this way.
This was reported and tested in 4.24.3 (CL-11590370). This was reproduced in 4.23.1 (CL-9631420), 4.25 Preview 7 (CL-12759524), and Main 4.26 (CL-13049875)
Results: Compile button disappears, all new projects fail due to "no compiler found", and can't open CLion from UE4 file menu.
Expected: For Clion to function as the default IDE
There's no existing public thread on this issue, so head over to Questions & Answers just mention UE-92730 in the post.